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Small Molecule Targeting the Hec1/Nek2 Mitotic Pathway Suppresses Tumor Cell Growth in Culture and in Animal

¹ Department of Biological Chemistry, School of Medicine and ² Department of Chemistry, School of Physical Sciences, University of California, Irvine; and ³ Taivex, Irvine, California

Requests for reprints: Wen-Hwa Lee, Department of Biological Chemistry, School of Medicine, University of California, 124 Sprague Hall, Irvine, CA 92697. Phone: 949-824-4492; Fax: 949-824-9767; E-mail: whlee{at}uci.edu or Phang-Lang Chen, Department of Biological Chemistry, School of Medicine, University of California, 124 Sprague Hall, Irvine, CA 92697. Phone: 949-824-4008; E-mail: plchen{at}uci.edu.

Key Words: small molecule • cancer therapy • Hec1 • mitosis

Hec1 is a conserved mitotic regulator critical for spindle checkpoint control, kinetochore functionality, and cell survival. Overexpression of Hec1 has been detected in a variety of human cancers and is linked to poor prognosis of primary breast cancers. Through a chemical genetic screening, we have identified a small molecule, N-(4-[2,4-dimethyl-phenyl]-thiazol-2-yl)-benzamide (INH1), which specifically disrupts the Hec1/Nek2 interaction via direct Hec1 binding. Treating cells with INH1 triggered reduction of kinetochore-bound Hec1 as well as global Nek2 protein level, consequently leading to metaphase chromosome misalignment, spindle aberrancy, and eventual cell death. INH1 effectively inhibited the proliferation of multiple human breast cancer cell lines in culture (GI₅₀, 10–21 µmol/L). Furthermore, treatment with INH1 retarded tumor growth in a nude mouse model bearing xenografts derived from the human breast cancer line MDA-MB-468, with no apparent side effects. This study suggests that the Hec1/Nek2 pathway may serve as a novel mitotic target for cancer intervention by small compounds. [Cancer Res 2008;68(20):8393–9]