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Mutational Inactivation of PTPRD in Glioblastoma Multiforme and Malignant Melanoma

¹ Department of Oncology, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center and ² Department of Neurosurgery, Georgetown University School of Medicine, Washington, District of Columbia; ³ Cancer Genetics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, NIH; ⁴ Surgery Branch, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland; ⁵ Department of Neurosurgery, University of Iowa College of Medicine, Iowa City, Iowa; and ⁶ Department of Pathology, Preston Robert Tisch Brain Tumor Center, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina

Requests for reprints: Todd Waldman, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University School of Medicine, New Research Building E304, 3970 Reservoir Road NW, Washington, DC 20057. Phone: 202-687-1340; Fax: 202-687-7505; E-mail: waldmant{at}georgetown.edu.

Key Words: Glioblastoma Multiforme • Melanoma • Tumor Suppressor

An additional tumor suppressor gene on chromosome 9p telomeric to the CDKN2A/B locus has long been postulated to exist. Using Affymetrix 250K single nucleotide polymorphism arrays to screen for copy number changes in glioblastoma multiforme (GBM), we detected a high frequency of deletions of the PTPRD gene, which encodes a receptor protein tyrosine phosphatase at chromosome 9p23-24.1. Missense and nonsense mutations of PTPRD were identified in a subset of the samples lacking deletions, including an inherited mutation with somatic loss of the wild-type allele. We then sequenced the gene in melanoma and identified 10 somatic mutations in 7 of 57 tumors (12%). Reconstitution of PTPRD expression in GBM and melanoma cells harboring deletions or mutations led to growth suppression and apoptosis that was alleviated by both the somatic and constitutional mutations. These data implicate PTPRD in the pathogenesis of tumors of neuroectodermal origin and, when taken together with other recent reports of PTPRD mutations in adenocarcinoma of the colon and lung, suggest that PTPRD may be one of a select group of tumor suppressor genes that are inactivated in a wide range of common human tumor types. [Cancer Res 2008;68(24):10300–6]

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