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Polymorphisms in DNA Repair Genes, Smoking, and Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma Risk

Divisions of ¹ Medical Oncology, ² Biostatistics, ³ Epidemiology, and ⁴ Gastroenterology and Hepatology, and ⁵ Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota

Requests for reprints: Robert R. McWilliams, Division of Medical Oncology, Mayo Clinic, 200 First Street SW, Rochester, MN 55905. E-mail: mcwilliams.robert{at}mayo.edu.

Key Words: carcinoma • pancreatic ductal • DNA repair • polymorphism • single nucleotide

Base excision repair and nucleotide excision repair are vital responses to multiple types of DNA damage, including damage from tobacco exposure. Single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) in these pathways may affect DNA repair capacity and therefore influence risk for cancer development. We performed a clinic-based, case-control study comprising 481 consecutive patients with confirmed pancreatic adenocarcinoma and 625 healthy controls. Allele and genotype frequencies for 16 SNPs in DNA repair genes ERCC1, XPD/ERCC2, XPC, XPF/ERCC4, OGG1, and XRCC1 were compared after adjusting for age, sex, and smoking history. Subgroup analysis by sex and smoking history was performed. Carriers of one or two XPF/ERCC4 minor alleles at R415Q had decreased risk of pancreatic adenocarcinoma compared with those who had two major alleles [odds ratio (OR), 0.59; 95% confidence interval (95% CI), 0.40–0.85]. Heavy smokers (>40 pack-years) had increased risk for cancer if they were carriers of at least one minor allele for XPD/ERCC2 at D312N (OR, 2.78; 95% CI, 1.28–6.04) or D711D (OR, 2.19; 95% CI, 1.01–4.73). No other significant differences in risk were identified. Minor alleles in DNA repair genes XPF/ERCC4 and XPD/ERCC2 were associated with altered risk for pancreatic cancer. [Cancer Res 2008;68(12):4928–35]

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