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ATAD2 Is a Novel Cofactor for MYC, Overexpressed and Amplified in Aggressive Tumors

¹ Department of Experimental Oncology, European Institute of Oncology; ² FIRC Institute of Molecular Oncology, Milan, Italy; and ³ Biotech Research and Innovation Centre and ⁴ Centre for Epigenetics, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark

Requests for reprints: Kristian Helin, Biotech Research and Innovation Centre, University of Copenhagen, Ole Maaloes Vej 5, Copenhagen 2200, Denmark. Phone: 45-3532-5666; Fax: 45-3532-5669; E-mail: kristian.helin{at}bric.ku.dk.

The E2F and MYC transcription factors are critical regulators of cell proliferation and contribute to the development of human cancers. Here, we report on the identification of a novel E2F target gene, ATAD2, the predicted protein product of which contains both a bromodomain and an ATPase domain. The pRB-E2F pathway regulates ATAD2 expression, which is limiting for the entry into the S phase of the cell cycle. We show that ATAD2 binds the MYC oncogene and stimulates its transcriptional activity. ATAD2 maps to chromosome 8q24, 4.3 Mb distal to MYC, in a region that is frequently found amplified in cancer. Consistent with this, we show that ATAD2 expression is high in several human tumors and that the expression levels correlate with clinical outcome of breast cancer patients. We suggest that ATAD2 links the E2F and MYC pathways and contributes to the development of aggressive cancer through the enhancement of MYC-dependent transcription. [Cancer Res 2009;69(21):8491–8]

Key Words: Breast carcinomas • Cell cycle • Chromatin remodeling • E2F • MYC