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Basic Sciences

Biochemical Pharmacology of 2-Chlorodeoxyadenosine in Malignant Human Hematopoietic Cell Lines and Therapeutic Effects of 2-Bromodeoxyadenosine in Drug Combinations in Mice

Thomas L. Avery, Jerold E. Rehg, Wendy C. Lumm, Franklin C. Harwood, Victor M. Santana and Raymond L. Blakley
Thomas L. Avery
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Jerold E. Rehg
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Wendy C. Lumm
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Franklin C. Harwood
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Victor M. Santana
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Raymond L. Blakley
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DOI:  Published September 1989
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Abstract

Growth of human hematopoietic cell lines showed a 100-fold range of sensitivity to inhibition by 2-chloro-2′-deoxyadenosine (CldAdo), with highly sensitive lines in all three groups: T-lymphoblastic, B-lymphoblastic, and non-T, non-B. Formation of nucleotides from [8-3H]CldAdo was investigated in ten lines. In cells exposed to 0.15 µm CldAdo, CldAdo 5′-phosphate (CldAMP) reached 0.7–14 µm and CldAdo 5′-triphosphate (CldATP) reached 0.05–6 µm in 1 h. In most cases these nucleotide concentrations at 1 h were close to the steady-state concentrations, and the latter concentrations were approximately proportional to extracellular CldAdo concentration. ON removal of extracellular CldAdo, intracellular CldAMP and CldATP declined rapidly with half times of 0.56–0.9 and 0.64–1.46 h, respectively. There was no correlation between these rates of catabolism and steady-state levels. The different sensitivities of the lines to CldAdo is explained only in part by the different steady-state concentrations of CldATP, and must be more directly related to differential effects on target enzymes. Mice inoculated with L1210 leukemia were treated with 2-bromo-2′-deoxyadenosine (BrdAdo) paired with one of 18 other therapeutic agents. Eight of the drugs paired with BrdAdo gave therapeutic responses from the combination greater than the sum of the responses of members of the pair. They included alkylating agents, antimetabolites blocking deoxyribonucleotide synthesis, and DNA polymerase inhibitors. Toxic dosages of CldAdo caused damage chiefly to the hemic-lymphatic systems and the kidneys.

Footnotes

  • ↵1 This study was supported in part by USPHS CORE Center Grant P30 CA 21765 and by Research Grant CA 39242 from the National Cancer Institute, and by the American Lebanese Syrian Associated Charities.

  • ↵3 To whom requests for reprints should be addressed.

  • Received February 22, 1989.
  • Revision received June 7, 1989.
  • Accepted June 16, 1989.
  • ©1989 American Association for Cancer Research.
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September 1989
Volume 49, Issue 18
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Biochemical Pharmacology of 2-Chlorodeoxyadenosine in Malignant Human Hematopoietic Cell Lines and Therapeutic Effects of 2-Bromodeoxyadenosine in Drug Combinations in Mice
Thomas L. Avery, Jerold E. Rehg, Wendy C. Lumm, Franklin C. Harwood, Victor M. Santana and Raymond L. Blakley
Cancer Res September 15 1989 (49) (18) 4972-4978;

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Biochemical Pharmacology of 2-Chlorodeoxyadenosine in Malignant Human Hematopoietic Cell Lines and Therapeutic Effects of 2-Bromodeoxyadenosine in Drug Combinations in Mice
Thomas L. Avery, Jerold E. Rehg, Wendy C. Lumm, Franklin C. Harwood, Victor M. Santana and Raymond L. Blakley
Cancer Res September 15 1989 (49) (18) 4972-4978;
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