PT  - JOURNAL ARTICLE
AU  - Stevenson, Mary Ann
AU  - Pollock, Stephanie Sue
AU  - Coleman, C. Norman
AU  - Calderwood, Stuart K.
TI  - X-Irradiation, Phorbol Esters, and H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> Stimulate Mitogen-activated Protein Kinase Activity in NIH-3T3 Cells through the Formation of Reactive Oxygen Intermediates
DP  - 1994 Jan 01
TA  - Cancer Research
PG  - 12--15
VI  - 54
IP  - 1
4099  - http://cancerres.aacrjournals.org/content/54/1/12.short
4100  - http://cancerres.aacrjournals.org/content/54/1/12.full
SO  - Cancer Res1994 Jan 01; 54
AB  - Extracellular signal-regulated kinases (ERKs), also known as mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinases, are rapidly phosphorylated and activated in response to a number of external factors which promote growth and differentiation (T. G. Boulton, S. H. Nye, D. J. Robbins, N. Y. Ip, E. Radziejewska, S. D. Morgenbesser, R. A. DePinho, N. Panayotatos, M. H. Cobb, and G. D. Yancopoulos, Cell, 65: 663–675, 1991; S. L. Pelech and S. S. Jasbinder, Science (Washington DC), 257: 1355–1356, 1992; G. Thomas, Cell, 68: 3–6, 1992). We have identified two novel stimulators of MAP kinase activity, ionizing radiation and H2O2. Both radiation and H2O2, as well as the known agonist 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol 13-acetate activate MAP kinase through the production of reactive oxygen intermediates. Our results demonstrate a direct link between the MAP kinase signal transduction pathway and reactive oxygen species and provide a unifying mechanism for activation of early- and late-response genes by inducers of oxidative stress. ©1994 American Association for Cancer Research.