PT  - JOURNAL ARTICLE
AU  - Zimmermann, Katja C.
AU  - Sarbia, Mario
AU  - Weber, Artur-Aron
AU  - Borchard, Franz
AU  - Gabbert, Helmut E.
AU  - Schrör, Karsten
TI  - Cyclooxygenase-2 Expression in Human Esophageal Carcinoma
DP  - 1999 Jan 01
TA  - Cancer Research
PG  - 198--204
VI  - 59
IP  - 1
4099  - http://cancerres.aacrjournals.org/content/59/1/198.short
4100  - http://cancerres.aacrjournals.org/content/59/1/198.full
SO  - Cancer Res1999 Jan 01; 59
AB  - On the basis of epidemiological observations that nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs reduce the risk of esophageal carcinoma, we studied the expression of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) in esophageal squamous cell carcinomas (SCCs; n = 172) and in esophageal adenocarcinomas (ADCs; n = 27). Using immunohistochemistry, we observed COX-2 expression in 91% of the SCCs and in 78% of the ADCs. Western blot analysis showed enhanced expression of the COX-2 protein in some tumors as compared with normal esophageal squamous epithelium, whereas similar amounts of the COX-1 protein were found in normal and cancerous tissues. COX expression was also studied in two esophageal cancer cell lines (OSC-1 and OSC-2) to evaluate the functional relevance of COX-2-derived prostaglandins (PGs). OSC-2 cells expressed COX-2 but not COX-1, whereas OSC-1 cells expressed high levels of COX-1 but showed only a very weak COX-2 expression. Accordingly, PGE2 synthesis was 600 times higher in the OSC-2 cells as compared with the OSC-1 cells. Treatment of OSC-2 cells with the selective COX-2 inhibitors flosulide and NS-398 concentration dependently suppressed PGE2 synthesis and proliferation and also induced apoptosis. In contrast, no effect of the COX-2 inhibitors was seen in OSC-1 cells. Our data demonstrate that COX-2 is expressed in the majority of esophageal SCCs and ADCs and that COX-2-derived PGs play an important role in the regulation of proliferation and apoptosis of esophageal tumor cells. It is concluded that inhibition of COX-2 may be useful in the therapy of esophageal cancer. ©1999 American Association for Cancer Research.