Survival benefits from the FDA-approved nanomedicines to date
| Generic drug | Trade name(s) | Indication | Benefit | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| PEGylated liposomal doxorubicin | Doxil and Caelyx | HIV-related Kaposi's sarcoma | No statistically significant change in overall survival (23 wks) vs. doxorubicin, bleomycin, and vincristine treatment (22.3 wks) for HIV-related Kaposi's sarcoma | |||
| Metastatic ovarian cancer | Statistically significant overall survival improvement (108 wks, P = 0.008) vs. topotecan treatment (71.1 wks) for platinum-sensitive patients with ovarian cancer | |||||
| Metastatic breast cancer | No statistically significant overall survival change (84 wks) vs. conventional doxorubicin (88 wks) for patients with breast cancer receiving first-line therapy | |||||
| Liposomal daunorubicin | DaunoXome | HIV-related Kaposi's sarcoma | No statistically significant overall survival change (52.7 wks) vs. doxorubicin, bleomycin, vincristine treatment (48.9 wks) | |||
| Poly (styren-co-maleic acid)–conjugated naocarzinostatin | SMANCS | Liver cancer, renal cancer | Approved in 1993 in Japan. Far more effective when the EPR is enhanced by increasing the blood pressure in difficult-to-treat tumors, including metastatic liver cancer, cancers of pancreas, gall bladder, etc. | |||
| Liver cancer: 5-year survival (%)** | ||||||
| Metastasis | 1 seg.+ | > | 2 seg. | |||
| Child A | >90% | ∼ | >50% | |||
| Child B | 40% | 30% | ||||
| Five-year survival (%) based on the liver function (cirrhosis) by child classification and intrahepatic+ metastasis within one segment or more | ||||||
| Albumin-bound paclitaxel | Abraxane | Metastatic breast cancer | Statistically significant overall survival change (56.4 wks, P = 0.024) vs. polyethoxylated castor oil–based paclitaxel treatment (46.7 wks) for patients receiving second-line treatment | |||
NOTE: The polymeric platform methoxy PEG-poly(d,l-lactide) taxol with the trade name Genexol-PM (Sanayang Co.) has been approved in Korea for the treatment of metastatic breast cancer. Adapted from the work of Jain and Stylianopoulos (16).
**, SMANCS data in the table were provided by H. Maeda.